The Camera Obscura is a dark box which projects the image of the object the lens is pointed at onto a screen inside. It was invented in the 9th century by Alzahen, who was an Arabian scientist.
Johann Heinrich Schultz discovered that chalk dipped in silver nitrate turned from white to black in the sun. In 1834, Henry Fox Talbot, who was an English scientist, used this discovery and created the Calotype process. This is when paper is soaked in silver chloride and salt solution, which produced positive images by contact on another piece of paper. The Calotype process used Schultz's discovery to do this. Louis Daguerre invented the first practical photographic process, which was known as the Daguerreotype. It was a silver plate painted in silver iodide, and developed with warm mercury. The only issue was that the Daguerreotype only created positive images, so copies could only be made by taking another photo of it. One of the main problems with early photography was that the cameras had long exposure times, so it would take roughly 2 minutes to take a photo, so the object of the photo had to stay very still. |
George Eastman created a machine to help the process of Dry Plate Printing. His machine was invented in 1879, and it coated plates, removing friction on the photos, and reducing the cost of photography.
On September 4th 1888, Eastman and Henry Strong founded The Eastman Kodak Company. Eastman invented the Kodak Camera, which was the first digital camera. This invention allowed people to take photos more efficiently and without having to take a dark box with them. His company still remains one of the largest in the industry. |
An SLR camera is a Single Lens Reflex camera. It allows you to look through the lens and see exactly the image that will be captured.
The camera has many different settings, such as: M - manual, A - aperture priority, S - shutter priority, and P - programme mode. You can change different parts to zoom, focus, and change the distance. It's a very easy camera to use, and it also works very effectively and takes high quality photos. It is the most common camera for photographers to use at the moment. |
Shutter speed is the length of time a camera shutter is open and exposes light into the camera sensor. If the shutter speed is slow, light is let into the camera for longer. You can use a slow shutter speed to capture movement in an image, or if you're taking an image in a darker area. If the shutter speed is fast, it lets light into the camera for a shorter amount of time. Fast shutter speeds are used to capture a freeze frame in an image, and shows a still image of movement.
We took photos of someone jumping using fast shutter speeds to capture a still photo, and slow shutter speeds to capture movement and to have blur in an image. |